Course Objectives:

• Learn the purpose, principles of operation and limitations of the different wastewater treatment technologies in oil refining and petrochemical industries
• Understand how to establish high recovery of wastewater for reuse onsite, reducing fresh water intake and meeting strict regulatory requirements
• Understand the advanced cost-effective technologies for reduction of waste volume and obtain Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD)
• Learn how to reduce the energy consumption and operational costs of the wastewater treatment facilities and optimize treatment conditions
• Learn industry standard targets for wastewater prior to discharge or reuse
• Identify the impact of pollution on the environment
• Modify treatment facilities operating conditions according to the properties of incoming polluted wastewater
• Improve the operability and reliability of equipment

Course Outline.

Refinery and Petrochemical Plant Overview

• Refinery and Petrochemical Plant Overview
• Raw materials
• Product and Processes
• Refinery configuration
• Water and Wastewater management

Refinery water overview

• Overall refinery water balance
• Sources of water
• Water leaving the refinery
• Raw water treatment
• Process water
• Best Practices for Managing Refinery and Petrochemical Plant WWTP

Primary and Secondary Oil/Water Separation

• The Composition of Wastewater
• Aquatic Biology
• Six Important Elements

Analytical Methods Used in the Laboratory and Through On-line Analyzers

• Biochemical Oxygen Demand
• Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
• COD and BOD5 Equivalence for Hydrocarbons
• Hydrocarbons (HC) in Water

Effluent treatment

• Unit Processes in Wastewater Treatment
• Process wastewater pretreatment
• Desalter effluent treatment
• Desalter oil/water separation
• Desalter effluent VOC control

Primary treatment

• Particle Settling
• Ideal Sedimentation
• First stage: separation (oil/water separators, API separators, CPI)
• Oil Skimming Device

Biological Treatment

• Coagulation/ Flocculation
• Dissolved air flotation (DAF)
• Induced air flotation (IAF)
• Equalization system      

Biological Treatment

• Secondary treatment/Biological Treatment
• Activated sludge
• Sludge Volume Index
• Activated Sludge troubles and remedial actions
• Aerators
• Biological Treatment Options
• Activated sludge treatment with powdered activated carbon

Tertiary Treatment   

• Biological Treatment Options
• Oxidation Ditch
• Aerated lagoons
• Powdered Activated Carbon Treatment
• Sequencing batch reactor (SBR)
• Membrane bioreactor technology
• Attached Growth Processes
• Biological Clarification Gravity Clarifiers

Tertiary Treatment

• Sand filtration
• Activated carbon
• Chemical oxidation

Sludge Treatment

• Sewage sludge quantity and characteristics
• Sludge pumping systems
• Thickening/ dewatering of Sludge
• Dimensioning of a static thickener
• Dewatering
• Treatment of sludge's
• API separator—bottom sludge
• Bioremediation
• DGF/IGF float and sludge
• Waste biological sludge
• Sludge stabilization
• Simultaneous aerobic stabilization
• Mesophilic anaerobic digestion
• Aerobic digestion
• Sludge Disposal and Agricultural Utilization

Recycle and Reuse Issues

• Re-use of non-contaminated storm water
• Fire water
• Cooling tower makeup water
• Utility water
• Boiler feed water makeup
• Technologies for upgrade of refinery wastewater

Basic media/sand filtration

• Microfiltration or ultrafiltration
• Microfiltration or ultrafiltration, with reverse osmosis
• Microfiltration or ultrafiltration, with Nano filtration
• Ion exchange
• Technology summary—refinery wastewater reuse

Reuse of municipal wastewater

• Media filtration
• Microfiltration or ultrafiltration
• Microfiltration or ultrafiltration, plus reverse osmosis

Who can benefit?

• Refinery and Petrochemical Plant Managers
• Process Engineers and Technologists involved in wastewater treatment facilities
• Maintenance Engineers
• Plant Engineers
• Operations Personnel including Shift Supervisors
• All Professionals involved in wastewater treatment facilities
• Other Engineers who would like to have a further understanding of the wastewater treatment technology
• Anyone who wishes to update himself on the methods used in this important field